型塑与变革:民事主体自由、平等观念之流变

Molding and Reform: Change of Notions Concerning Freedom and Equality of Civil Subjects

近代私法回应人类自由与平等的价值诉求,赋予近代民事主体以最大限度的个体自由,并形塑了平等的观念样态。但是,个体自由与社会自由、理想与现实的冲突促使民事主体在传统的自由与平等观念中注入某些社会价值与实质正义的成分,从而引发了民事主体观念的现代变革,并在私法上获得了原则与制度的双重外显,而其实质则是私法现代化与民事主体现代化的具体展现。

In order to respond the requirement of freedom and equality, the early private law gave civil subjects maximum indi- vidual freedom and form equal sense. But the collision between individual freedom and social freedom, Ideals and Realities, let civil Subjects put some social value and substantial justice into traditional freedom and equality, which brings the change of the notions a- bout modem civil subjects and is displayed synchronously in principles and systems of the private law. In fact it is the concrete expres- sion Of modemization about the private law and the civil Subieets.