“半蒌贝蔹及攻乌”反药配伍组合的急性毒性研究

Acute toxicity studies on compatibility of “pinellia, trichosanthes, fritillaria, ampelopsis, bletilla attack aconitum”

目的通过对“半蒌贝蔹及攻乌”中各单味药、反药组合进行急性毒性实验，研究“半蒌贝蔹及攻乌”反药配伍组合的毒性变化规律。方法以“半蒌贝蔹及攻乌”中各单味药乙醇提取物的半数致死量（LD50）或最大耐受量（MTD）评价各单昧药的急性毒性；各药对组合中生川乌的剂量固定为LD50,另一单味药的给药剂量随配伍比例的变化而逐渐增加，以小鼠死亡率为评价指标，考察反药组合毒性的变化规律。结果生川乌的LD50为4．4g／kg，生半夏、瓜蒌、浙贝母、白蔹、白及的MTD分别为300、37．8、272、167、180g／kg；生川乌配伍生半夏无相反现象；生川乌与瓜蒌配伍比例在4：1～8：1时相反，在2：1～1：6时不反；生川乌与浙贝母配伍比例在6：1～16：1时相反，在1：1～1：13时不反；生川鸟与白蔹配伍比例在3．5：1～16：1时相反，在1：1～1：13时不反；白及与生川乌配伍比例没有明显的毒性变化规律。结论生川乌乙醇提取物急性毒性明显；生半夏、瓜蒌、浙贝母、白蔹、白及醇提取物急性毒性不明显；反药组合的配伍比例对“半蒌贝蔹及攻乌”相关药物急性毒性的变化具有重要影响。

Objective To research the toxicity variation principle of ＂pinellia, trichosanthes, fritillaria, ampelopsis, bletilla attack aconitum＂ through studying on the acute toxicity for ＂pinellia, trichosanthes, fritillaria, ampelopsis, bletilla attack aconitum＂ in the single herb and anti-drug combination. Methods Using the median lethal dose （LD50） or maximum tolerate dose （MTD） to evaluate the acute toxicity of single herb, then fix the raw aconitum dose of the compatibility group at LD50, another drug dose increased with the compatibility proportion changed gradually in order to examine the toxicity variation of anti-drug combination with death rate as the index. Results The LD50 of raw Aconiti Radix （AR） was 4.4 g/kg, the MTD of raw Pinelliae Rhizoma （PR）, Trichosanthis Fructus （TF）, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus （FTB）, Ampelopsis Radix （AR）, and Bletillae Rhizoma （BR） was respective 300, 37.8, 272, 167, and 180 g/kg; raw AR and raw PR showed no antagonism phenomenon; raw AR showed the antagonism effect against TF in 4 ： 1 to 8 ： 1 while without antagonism in 2 ： 1-1 ： 6; the compatibility of raw AR and FTB objected in 6 ： 1-16 ： 1 while without antagonism in 1 ： 1-1 ： 13; the compatibility of raw AR and AR objected in 3.5： 1-16：1 while without antagonism in 1 ： 1- 1 ： 13; the compatibility of raw AR and BR showed no obvious toxicity variation. Conclusion The ethanol extract of raw AR has obvious acute toxicity; the ethanol extract of raw PR, TF, FTB, AR, and BR has no obvious acute toxicity; under the experimental conditions, the orooortion of anti-drue comoatibilitv affects the compatibility of the results.