某医院住院患者医院感染现患率调查

INVESTIGATION ON PREVALENCE RATE OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN A HOSPITAL INPATIENTS

目的了解医院感染情况与抗菌药物使用现状,为确定防控重点提供依据。方法采用横断面调查方式,对某医院2012年5月4日所有住院患者医院感染现患率进行调查与分析。结果实查住院患者1 793例,发生医院感染44例,医院感染现患率为2.45%。以下呼吸道感染为主,占54.17%。其次是泌尿道感染。感染患者主要分布在重症监护室,其次是烧伤整形科、神经外科和血液科。日抗菌药平均使用率为51.03%,主要是治疗性用药和单品种用药。从使用抗菌药物患者送检标本中检出病原菌26株,检出率10.66%,检出的病原菌以肺炎克雷伯菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主。结论该医院住院患者医院感染现患率不高,ICU和烧伤整形科感染率较高,抗菌药物使用率平均水平偏高,需要进一步规范某些科室抗菌药物的合理使用。

Objective To understand the hospital infections, antimicrobial drug use so as to to provide the basis for determining the infection control focus. Methods The cross - sectional survey method was used to investigate and to analyze a hospital on May 4, year 2012. All hospitalized patients with hospital infection rates were investigated and analyzed. Resuits 1793 cases inpatients were investigated and 44 cases of hospital infections occurred. The prevalence rate of hospital infection was 2.45% and the respiratory tract infection rate was 56. 25%. The low respiratory infection was the main infection, followed by urinary tract infection. The infected patients were mainly distributed in the Intensive care unit, followed by burns orthopaedic department, neurosurgery department and haematology department. The daily average use rate of the antimicrobials was 51.03% and the therapeutic drugs and single variety of drug were mainly used. 26 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from samples of in patients that using antibacterial drugs. The detection rate was 10. 66% and the main pathogens detected were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion The prevalence rate of hospital infection of in patient in this hospital is not high, while the prevalence in orthopaedic ICU and burns is high. The use rate of antimicrobials is comparatively high, so the rational use of antimicrobials in some departments should be further standardized.