新型盘形滚刀圈设计理论研究

Study on design theory of new-type disc cutter ring

在全断面岩石掘进机施工中发现,80%以上的盘形滚刀失效是由于磨损造成的。经过深入的试验观察、工程岩碴对比分析和理论研究,减小盘形滚刀破岩作业侧向滑移量,尤其是减小盘形滚刀破岩刃上最大破岩应力作用点的侧向滑移量,是减小盘形滚刀破岩作业磨损速率的有效措施。因此,提出了盘形滚刀刃对称面应通过其最大破岩应力点的速度矢量概念,从而建立了新型盘形滚刀圈设计理论,并以塑性力学中的滑移线场理论为基础,对比分析了新型盘形滚刀圈和传统盘形滚刀圈的破岩效果。研究表明:新型盘形滚刀圈在全断面岩石掘进机破岩作业中节能效果明显;盘形滚刀直径越大,破岩节能效果越好;刀盘直径越小,破岩节能效果越好。研究成果可为全断面岩石掘进机的发展提供理论参考。

TBM （tunnel boring machine） construction process shows that more than 80% of disc cutter failure is due to wear out. In-depth test-observation, comparative analysis of rock chips and theoretical study discovered that reducing the side slip amount of disc cutter during rock breaking process, especially the side slip amount of maximum stress point on the cutter edge, was an effective measure to decrease the disc cutters wear rate during rock breaking process. Therefore, a concept was presented that the speed vector of the maximum stress point should be on the symmetric plane of cutter edge, and then the design theory of new-type disc cutter ring was established. In addition, based on the slip line field theory of plastic mechanics, comparative analysis between the new-type and the traditional disc cutter ring in rock breaking effects was carried out. The study showed： the larger the diameter of the disc cutter was, the better the consumed energy during rock breaking was; the less the diameter of the cutter head was, the better the consumed energy during rock breaking was. The study results offered theoretical basis for the development of full face rock TBM.