露天矿最终境界的经济-生态一体化优化

Economic-Ecological Integration Optimization of the Ultimate Boundary of Metal Open-Pit Mine

基于规则块体品位模型和地表模型,使用锥体排除法产生地质最优境界序列和地质最优开采体序列.建立动态排序模型,对每个境界的地质最优开采体序列进行动态排序,使用动态规划方法以净现值最大为目标函数,找出最佳开采路径作为最优开采方案.根据每一个地质最优境界的最优生产计划选出净现值最大的境界作为最优境界,该境界的最佳开采路径作为最优生产计划,实现境界与生产计划同时优化.基于生态足迹理论构建矿山生态成本模型,结合各候选境界生产计划计算矿山生态成本,并纳入到露天矿境界中,使外生成本内生化,实现矿山项目评价和设计方案的"经济-生态一体化"优化.应用表明,生态成本对最终境界及矿山投资回报有重要影响.

Based on the regular block grade model and surface model,cone exclusive method was used to obtain a sequence of ＂geologically optimum final pits＂and ＂geologically optimum pushbacks＂.The geologically optimum push-backs w ere put into an as-built dynamic sequencing model w ith the maximum NPV as the target function,w hich found out the best w ay as the optimum mining scheme.Then the best mining path of every geologically optimum final pit w as found out as the optimal mining scheme.According to production plan of every geologically optimum final pit,the final pit w ith the largest NPV w as chosen as optimum final pit,the best mining path of w hich w as further chosen as the optimal production design,realizing the simultaneous optimization of the final pit and production design.Based on the ecological footprint theory,the mine eco-cost model w as constructed.The mine eco-cost w as calculated combining w ith the boundary production plan,w hich w as added to boundary to make the exogenous eco-cost endogenous,achieving the economic-ecological optimization of mine project and design.Application show ed that eco-cost has significant effect on ultimate boundary and mine returning on investment.