美国生命科学双途研究审查协调机制及其启示被引量：2

Supervision and Coordination Mechanism of Life Sciences Dual-Use Research

导出

摘要生命科学研究的迅速发展将为人类社会和生活带来越来越深刻的影响,科学技术双刃剑的两面性在当今部分生命科学研究领域也变得越来越明显,这在客观上要求科学家、研究机构以及政府监管部门在相关的研究活动中承担更大的社会责任。两篇研究人畜共患病致死性H5N1禽流感病毒的论文引起美国科学界、政府监管部门以及社会公众的广泛关注和深入讨论,并最终寻找到折衷的解决方案,这促使人们更加关注生命科学研究中如何建立安全有效的审查、监管和协调机制。通过这一典型案例,分析了美国国家生物安全科学顾问委员会等机构对生命科学领域研究的监管审查和控制协调机制,探讨其对我国生命科学等相关学科中双途研究协调管理机制建设的启示和借鉴意义。 Rapid advances in life sciences are leading to profound impacts on human society and quality of life Increasingly, science and technology can be viewed as a double-edged sword, as evidenced by recent events includ- ing the case of H5N1 avian influenza virus research. Two manuscripts investigating the transmission of deadly H5N1 avian influenza virus to mammals provoked widespread concerns and in-depth discussion from the Ameri- can scientific community, government watchdogs, and the public, ultimately resulting in compromises between all parties and interests involved. This event led to increased focus on creating safe and effective review, supervision, and coordination mechanisms in life sciences research. In this paper, the author uses the H5N1 case study to ana- lyze the supervision and control coordination mechanisms of life sciences research by the U.S. National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity （NSABB） and other agencies, and to explore its impact on the development of co- ordination and management mechanisms for dual-use life sciences research and other related disciplines in China.

作者张琰钟灿涛

机构地区北京大学科学研究部北京大学先进技术研究院

出处《科学学与科学技术管理》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第10期39-47,共9页 Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

关键词生物安全双途研究美国国家生物安全科学顾问委员会 H5N1禽流感病毒 biosafety（biosecurity） dual-use research National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity （NSABB） H5N1 avian flu virus

分类号 G311 [文化科学]

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