伪满时期东北农户的生存——以日移民之雇工、佃农及“国内移民”为中心

On Northeast Peasants' Survival in Manchukuo Period:Taking Employees and Tenants of Japanese Immigrants and Domestic Immigrants as an Example

"九一八"事变后,日本以武装占领中国东北为契机,打着"开发"、"建设"的幌子,大力推行移民侵略之策。日本移民户均200亩土地,却耕种乏力,纷纷雇佣或出租土地给东北农户,自己坐享其成。满拓公社更是以出租土地谋取暴利。日本人雇佣无论从形式还是内容上看,都较关内更为复杂、更为反动。全面侵华战争后,为了掠取更多的粮食资源,日伪又实行所谓"国内移民"政策。"国内移民"组织形式类似"集团部落",实则是以租佃的形式进行粮食掠夺。

After September 18th Incident,Japan promoted her immigrant invasion strategy by taking the armed occupation of Northeast China as an opportunity. In the name of exploring and constructing, the Japanese immigrants had 200 acres of land on average,but they were unable to cultivate it, so they hired or leased lands to the Northeast farmers and reaped profits. For example, Mantuo commune reaped colossal profits through leasing lands. Compared with the Chinese employment,Japanese employment was more complex and more reactionary both in form and in content. After an all-out war of aggression against China, the puppet government implemented the so-called ＂domestic immigration＂ policy in order to plunder more food resources. The organization of ＂domestic immigration＂ was similar to that of ＂tribal group＂,in fact, it was to plunder the grain in the form of tenancy.