日本传统史学中的兴亡盛衰论

Rise and Fall Thought in Japanese Traditional Historiography

兴亡盛衰论在日本传统史学中占有极为重要的位置。它经历了仁政决定论、因果宿命论向天命观的转化,又历经儒家天理观的普及,变迁论和时势论的渗透,到了幕末,随着洋学和国学的发展以及时局的变化,富国强兵论与皇国神圣论在史学转型过程中实现了变奏。兴亡盛衰论不仅对日本的历史思想产生了深远的影响,也在不同时期促进了其文化和社会的变革。

Rise and fall thought holds a very important position in traditional historiography of Japan. It experienced the transition from causationism, benevolentism to fatalism and was affected by the concept of destinism and vicissitudism. In the late Bakufu period, along with the development of Western science and Kokugaku as well as the current situation changes,the slogan of making country rich and military forces strong and the theory of imperial divine affected the historiography of transformation. Rise and fall thought not only had a profound impact on the historiography of Japan, but also motivated different periods of its cultural and social change.