住院患者营养风险、营养不良发生率及营养现状的评估分析

Prevalence of nutrition risk,malnutrition and evaluation of nutrition status of the inpatients

目的采用营养风险筛查2002(NRS 2002)评价心脏中心住院患者营养风险、营养不良发生率及营养现状。方法选取清华大学附属第一医院心脏中心的住院患者298例,进行营养风险筛查、人体测量和生化指标检测,包括体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、臀围(HC)、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(GHB)、总蛋白(TP)、清蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及血尿酸(UA)等。结果心脏中心住院患者营养风险和营养不良的发生率分别为14.8%和4.6%。营养现状为患者体型超重和肥胖率高、血糖血脂异常、UA异常、TP偏低多见。结论心脏中心有一定数量的住院患者存在营养风险,应结合营养现状,及时对有营养风险的患者提供有针对性的、个性化的营养指导。

[ Objective] To investigate the prevalence of nutrition risk, malnutrition of the inpatients as well as the evaluation of nu- trition status by using NRS 2002. [ Methods] A total of 298 inpatients in the Heart Center of First Hospital of Tsinghua University were recruited in this study. Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 （ NRS 2002 ）, anthropometric and biochemical parameters were deter- mined and calculated, including body mass index （BMI） ,waist-to-hip ratio （WHR）, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, glycated he- moglobin （ GHB }, total protein （ TP }, albumin （ ALB ）, total cholesterol （ TC }, triglyceride （ TG ） and uric acid （ UA ） and so on. [ Results] The overall prevalence rates of nutritional risk and malnutrition were 14.8% and 4.6%. Nutritional status evaluation showed that body overweight and high obesity rate, blood glucose and lipid abnormalities , UA abnormalities and low TP were com- mon in patients. [ Conclusion] ] A certain proportion of inpatients have nutrition risks in Heart Center. Targeted and personalized nutritional guidance should be provided to them according to their nutritional status.