2010—2011学年苏州市金阊区小学生健康检查结果

Analysis on results of health examination among primary school students in Jinchang District of Suzhou City from 2010-2011

目的了解苏州市金阊区小学生的身体健康状况,为制定有针对性的小学生健康干预措施提供科学依据。方法根据卫生部《中小学生健康体检管理办法》的规定和要求,对金阊区12 689名小学生进行健康检查,并对结果进行卡方检验。结果小学生健康检查问题依次为龋齿(52.30%)、视力低下(37.86%)、肥胖(15.92%)、超重(7.83%)、营养不良(4.26%)、沙眼(0.44%)等。女生的营养不良(P<0.01)和视力低下率(P<0.01)高于男生,男生的超重(P<0.01)、肥胖(P<0.01)、龋齿(P<0.01)高于女生;中、高年级组营养不良(P<0.01)和肥胖率(P<0.01)显著高于低年级组。结论该区小学生健康问题较为突出,以龋齿、视力低下、肥胖、超重、营养不良为主;女生的营养不良和视力低下问题较为严重,而男生存在的超重、肥胖、龋齿问题更为突出;较低年级组的龋齿问题相对严重,而中、高年级组小学生的营养不良、肥胖和视力低下问题更应值得关注。相关部门应积极开展有针对性的健康教育活动,促进健康行为形成,以提高小学生的健康水平。

[ Objective ] To understand the health status of primary school students in Jinchang District of Suzhou City, provide sci- entific basis for formulating the health intervention measures of primary school students. [ Methods] According to the regulations and requirements of the Management approach for health examination in primary school students set by Ministry of Public Health, the health examination was conducted in 12 689 primary school students in Jinehang District, and the results were analyzed by chi- square test. [ Results] The common diseases among primary school students were dental caries （52.30%） , low vision （37.86%） , obesity （ 15.92% ）, overweight （ 7.83% ）, malnutrition （ 4.26% ） and trachoma （ 0.44% ）. The rates of malnutrition and low vi- sion in girls were significantly higher than those in boys {P 〈 0.01 ）. The rates of overweight, obesity and dental caries in boys were significantly higher than those in girls （ P 〈0. 01}. The rates of malnutrition and obesity in middle and high grade groups were significantly higher than those in low grade group （P 〈0. 01）. [ Conclusion] The health problems are serious among primary school students in Jinchang District, which mainly include dental caries, low vision, obesity, overweight and malnutrition. The malnutri- tion and low vision are severe in girls, while problems of overweight, obesity and dental caries are more prominent in boys. The dental caries in low grade group is serious, and it is urgent to pay more attention to malnutrition, obesity and low vision in middle and high grade groups. The relevant departments should carry out effective health education, and actively promote the formation of health behaviors, to improve the health level of primary school students.