湖泊沼泽化与水生植物初级生产力研究进展

A Review on Terrestrialization and Primary Productivity of Aquatic Vegetations in Lake Ecosystems

湖泊水生植物初级生产力较大,其残体淤积于湖底,使得湖泊逐渐变浅而发生沼泽化,所以水位下降是导致湖泊沼泽化的重要原因。光照、温度和水文条件是影响水生植物初级生产力的主要因素,植物收割和生态清淤的方法是治理湖泊沼泽化的有效措施。针对浅水湖泊沼泽化日益严重的现象,主要从触发沼泽化的原因、湖泊沼泽化的治理以及水生植物初级生产力的估算方法和初级生产力的主要影响因子等方面,综述了湖泊沼泽化和水生植物初级生产力的相关研究及二者的关系;指出定量调控水生植物初级生产力以及加强对水生植物初级生产力影响要素的综合调控作用,将是今后湖泊沼泽化治理的重点。

A higher primary productivity of aquatic vegetation can greatly contribute to forming wetland terres- trialization, which can further reduce the water levels of lakes by depositing plant residues to the lake sedi- ment. Most environmental factors can impact the processes of lake terrestrialization, of which light, tempera- ture and hydrological conditions are the main factors influencing the primary productivity of aquatic vegeta- tions. These measures such as harvesting and ecological dredging have been testified to be effective to inhibit terrestrialization processes of lake ecosystems. A lot of shallow lakes are facing the serious ecological issues due to the terrestrialization processes. The terrestrialization processes of lake ecosystems and primary produc- tivity of aquatic vegetation and their relationships are reviewed based on a lot of literatures, which will pro- vide a basis for terrestrialization control in lakes. The key causes of terrestrialization and current measures for terrestrialization control in lakes were discussed, and the estimating methods of the primary productivity and its influencing factors such as hydrological conditions, light and water temperature are also reviewed in detail. Finally, we put forward the key scientific questions needed to be further studied for the relationship between lake terrestrialization and primary productivity of aquatic vegetation. Particularly, the quantitative regulation of primary productivity of aquatic vegetations and integrative control of their key environmental factors should be put much more attention to for better terrestrialization control in lakes.