英国国家卫生服务改革与启示

National Health Service in the UK:Reform and Inspiration

根据《2012年卫生与社会照护法》,英国国家卫生服务(NHS)正在进行史上最大规模的改革。但是,这次改革不可能动摇NHS的基础,改变NHS的本质,放弃国家卫生服务,而是进一步减少管理环节。英国政府之所以选择国家卫生服务而对商业健康保险保持警惕,是因为决策者意识到,商业健康保险并非解决贫困人口医疗服务需求的一剂良药。有些健康风险具有不可保性,商业健康保险易生过度医疗、浪费资源和骗保问题,各种(商业)健康保险的管理成本显著高于国家基本卫生服务的经营成本。

The Reform of National Health Service （NHS） in the UK, which is the biggest one in the history of NHS, is being taken in accordance with The Health and Social Care Act 2012. Nevertheless, it is impossible to shake the bases of NHS, because the reform is for further reducing the links of management rather than changing the characters of NHS and giving up NHS. The reason of the UK government choosing NHS instead of commercial health insurance, to which the government is keeping alert, is that some risks of health are uninsurable. For commercial insurance, over-medication, resource waste and insurance fraud are easier to take place, and the cost of management is obvious higher than the spending of operating NHS.