手足口病临床实验室诊断的现状与进展

Current Status and Progress in Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease

手足口病(HFMD)是多种肠道病毒引起的以发热、手足口部位皮疹、咽峡炎和少数患者并发脑膜炎、脑干脑炎和神经源性肺水肿的常见传染病,其中以柯萨奇病毒A16型和肠道病毒71型最为常见。近几年来HFMD并发症发生率不断增加,对儿童健康造成极大危害,尤其是重症HFMD导致病死率不断上升。实验室对HFMD早期特异诊断指标较少,运用常规项目建立一组针对HFMD早期诊疗的检查参考指标,对临床治疗HFMD具有重要作用。

Hand,hint and mouth disease（HFMD） is a common infectious disease caused by a variety of intestinal viruses that manifests fever, rash on foot and mouth, angina and meningitis, brain stem encephalitis and neurogenic pulmonary edema in a small number of patients, and eoxsackie virus A16 and enterovirus 71 （ EV71 ）come to be the most common. In recent years,the incidence of HFMD complications is on the rise, causing great harm to the health of children, specially the increase of serious HFMD mortality. With very less laboratories early effective specific diagnostic indicators for HFMD ,the establishing of a group of indexes for early diagnosis and treatment based on regular check items is very important for the clinical treatment of HFMD.