武汉地区5854例育龄妇女阴道分泌物病原菌检测情况

Results of Pathogens Detection in Vaginal Secretions of 5, 854 Women of Childbearing Age in Wuhan District

目的通过阴道分泌物标本进行常规检验,了解本地区育龄妇女阴道分泌物病原菌分布。方法选取在湖北省武汉市江夏区第一人民医院体检中心开展孕前检查、妇女两癌筛查的育龄妇女作为研究对象,用无菌棉拭子拭取受检妇女宫颈口阴道分泌物进行常规检测,分析病原菌的分布。结果 5 854份阴道分泌物标本中,清洁度为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的标本分别占11.74%、49.81%、30.16%和8.29%。诊断为阴道炎的患者2 251例,检出率38.45%,清洁度Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ标本阴道炎检出率分别为0.00%、2.64%、98.48%、89.69%,清洁度Ⅲ检出率最高,清洁度Ⅰ、Ⅱ明显比清洁度Ⅲ、Ⅳ检出率低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中细菌性阴道炎检出率居首位(17%),其次为念珠菌性阴道炎(16.64%)。各年龄组阴道炎分布可见,<20岁组别检出率最低,与其他年龄组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而其他类型年龄组阴道炎检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论细菌、真菌和阴道滴虫是武汉地区育龄妇女阴道炎的三大主要病原体。阴道炎分布以<20岁组别检出率较低。

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogens in the region women of childbearing age by routine de- tection of their vaginal secretions. Methods We chose women of childbearing age who carried out pre- pregnancy check or cancer screening in the Medical Examination Center of the First People＇ s Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, Hubei Province as the study participants. Cervical - vaginal secretions of these women were swabbed with a sterile cotton swab to receive routine in- spection, and then the pathogen distribution was analyzed. Results In the vaginal secretions of 5,854 cases, cleanliness I, II, III and IV accounted for 11.74%, 49.81%, 30.16%, and 8.29%, respectively. 2,251 cases were diagnosed with vagini- tis, with the positive rate of 38.45%. The positive rates of vaginitis in cleanliness I, II, III and IV specimens were 0.00%, 2.64%, 98.48% and 89.69%, respectively. The positive rate of vaginitis in cleanliness III was the highest, and the positive rates in cleanliness I and II were both significantly lower than those in cleanliness III and IV. The differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Among these cases, the positive rate of bacterial vaginitis was in the first place （17%）, followed by Can- dida vaginitis （16.64 % ）. The vaginitis distribution of each age group showed that the positive rate in 〈 20 - year age group was the lowest and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05） compared with other age groups. No statistically significant difference was found in the positive rate of vaginitis among the other age groups （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Bacteria, fungi and Trichomonas vaginalis are the three main pathogens in the region women of childbearing age suffered from vaginitis. The positive rate of vaginitis is lower in 〈 20 - year age group.