收入分布函数在收入不平等研究领域的应用

The Application of Income Distrbution Function in the Research of Income Disparity

收入分布函数的研究对于收入不平等的探讨意义重大,但是国内该领域的研究尚待进一步的拓展。笔者在文献回顾的基础上梳理了国外的相关研究,把常用的分布函数分成两参数分布和多参数分布函数两类,介绍了各类函数拟合居民实际收入分布的效果及其与基尼系数的关系;同时,本文剖析了各类函数之间的内在联系;进一步,基于分布函数的角度,笔者研究了收入流动性与收入不平等之间的联系,分析了平均数和中位数比值与基尼系数之间的数学关系以及如何利用该比值来估计分布函数的参数。利用这些研究结果,文章探讨了2010年我国城镇居民的收入结构和贫困问题并提出了一些前瞻性的研究建议。

A study on income distribution function has significant effect on the research of income disparity, however, it needs sorted the income distribution functions into two categories： two-parametric distrbution and multi-parametric distrbution functions. The author also described the effects of the various functions fitting people＇s actual income distribution, and the relationship between income distrbution functions and Gini Coefficient. Meanwhile, this paper analyses the inherent links among these functions. Furthermore, based on the perspective of distrbution functions, the author studied the link between income mobility and income disparity, and alyzed the mathmatical relationship between the ratio of mean and median and the Gini Coefficient, and how to use the ration to estimate the distribution function parameters. Based on these findings, this paper discussed the structure of urban residents＇ income and poverty issues in China and put forward some prospective suggestions.