橡胶树品系在广东抗寒前哨点寒害调研初报

Preliminary Survey on the Cold Injury of Rubber Clones of Cold-resistant Outpost Site in Guangdong Province

为了筛选出适合中国北缘栽培的优良橡胶树主栽品种及橡胶树抗寒种质资源,以部分优良品种、试割高产无性系及引进的国外良种为参试材料,以抗寒前哨点大田鉴定的方式,于2010—2011冬春季对位于广东化州新华农场定植无性系寒害进行系统调查。结果表明,传统抗寒品种93-114等品种表现较好,寒害级别在2级以下,海南主栽品种‘热研7-33-97’等品种有一定抗寒能力(3.46级);国内自主选育的品种总体较国外引种品种抗寒能力更强,同时参试品种在寒害期间所处的物候对其抗寒能力影响较大,不稳定的物候状态会明显加重寒害危害。

In order to select superior main clones and cold hardy germplasm resources, some superior clones, high-yielding clones selected by test tapping and introduced varieties were used as materials, systematic investigation was carried out on Guangdong Province during the its symptom of cold injury planted in Xinhua State Farm of Huazhou, winter-spring of 2010-2011. The results showed that： some traditional cold-resistant clones, such as 93-114 had low infection to cold damage with less than 2 grade, meanwhile major clone Reyan 7-33-97 in Hainan plantation showed medium cold resistance with 3.46 grade, and domestic clones performed better on adaptability to cold injury than introduced clones, in addition, leaf phenology had obvious effect on its cold-hardiness when cold injury occurred, unstable leaf phenology would aggravate the harm of cold injury.