河流氮、磷滞留研究方法综述

Review on Measurements of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Retention in Riverine Ecosystem

为了研究河流输送过程中氮、磷的主要滞留途径及滞留效率,笔者综述了国内外近些年关于河流氮、磷滞留的研究方法。结果表明:目前常用的研究方法主要有物质平衡法、经验模型法和同位素示踪法。虽然,这些方法均得到了广泛使用,但仍存在模型参数不具普遍适用性以及估算误差较大、多同位素示踪技术研究缺乏等方面的不足。因此,综合考虑多种影响因素,建立具有普遍适用价值的估算模型,以及如何减少同位素示踪研究中生物地球化学过程对同位素δ值的改造,应成为今后的重点研究领域。

In order to study the retention rates of nitrogen and phosphorus during river transportation, this article reviewed the methodologies for estimating retention of those two nutrients. The results showed that： mass balance method, empirical models and isotope technology were often used for study the nitrogen and phosphorus retention in riverine ecosystem. However, some defects were still existed in the present studies, such as parameters in empirical models were always not suitable for various rivers, results estimated by empirical models exhibited the bigger errors, multiple isotope technology was rarely used, though those methods were widely used. Thus establishing more accruable models that integrating various environmental factors into consideration, and reducing the effects on δ value of isotope by biogeochemical processes would be the important researching field.