水氮互作对滴灌春小麦渗透调节物及产量的影响

Effect of Irrigation and Nitrogen Interaction on Osmoregulation Substances Content and Yield of Drip Irrigation Wheat

为了解水氮互作对新春6号春小麦旗叶渗透调节物含量及产量的影响,试验于2012年在新疆农垦科学院试验田进行。试验设置2400m3/hm2(W1)、3200m3/hm2(W2)、4000m3/hm2(W3)3个灌水处理;设置450kg/hm2(N1)、600kg/hm2(N2)、750kg/hm2(N3)3个氮肥水平。试验通过小区控制试验,分析测定了小麦拔节期、抽穗期、扬花期、灌浆期的叶绿素、可溶性糖、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质含量,并于收获后测定产量及其产量构成因子。结果表明:随着水分胁迫的加重,叶绿素、可溶性糖、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质含量均呈现增加的趋势。重度干旱条件下,增施氮肥则降低了渗透调节物的含量,影响了小麦的正常生理功能;中度水分条件下,随着氮肥施用量的增加其含量不断的提高,表现出了一定的渗透调节能力;高水处理条件下,增施氮肥使得渗透调节物含量增加比较缓慢。水氮运筹对滴灌春小麦产量性状的调控存在明显的互作效应,其中以W3N3处理组合产量最高,达788.90kg/667m2,增产显著。表明在滴灌条件下,灌水量4000m3/hm2、施氮量达750kg/hm2能有效促进滴灌春小麦旗叶的渗透调节能力,进而达到增产的目的。

In order to understand the effects of irrigation and nitrogen interaction on osmoregulation substances content and yield of the spring wheat,experiment was conducted in the field in Xinjiang Agricultural Reclamation Academy of Sciences in 2012. The test set three water treatment： 2400 ma/hm2 （W1）, 3200 ma/hm2 （W2） and 4000 ms/hm2 （W3）,and three nitrogen levels： 450 kg/hm2 （N1）, 600 kg/hm2 （N2） and 750 kg/hmz （N3）. We analyzed the chlorophyll,soluble sugar,proline and soluble protein content of jointing stage,heading stage, flowering stage and filling stage,and determined their production after harvest and yield component. The results indicate that, chlorophyll, soluble sugar, proline and soluble protein content showed increasing trend with the increase of water stress;under severe drought conditions, the increased nitrogen application is to reduced the osmotic regulation material content, and influenced the normal physiological function of wheat;under the Moderate moisture conditions,with the increase of the content of nitrogen rates keep improving,it showed a certain osmotic regulation ability; under Normal water supply eonditions,increasing nitrogen makes osmoregulation content increased more slowly. Water and nitrogeninteraction is obvious for the drip irrigation spring wheat yield of 788.90 kg/667 m2, with significant yield increase the combination of 4000 m3/hm2 irrigation water and 750 osmotic regulation ability of flag leaf,so as to achieve the yield adjustment. W3N3 treatment combination reaches the highest effect. The results show that, under the condition of drip irrigation, kg/hm2 N application can effectively promote the drip spring wheat purpose of increasing production.