我国中部地区城镇化进程的特征及成因初探

EXPLORATORY STUDY ON FEATURES AND CAUSES OF URBANIZATION IN CENTRAL CHINA

我国正处于城镇化高速发展阶段,但区域间的城镇化发展并不平衡,使得以"区域"为研究单元的城镇化研究具备重要的现实意义。本文以中部六省为研究对象,从人口发展、产业结构演进、城镇体系组织等维度梳理了中部六省城镇化发展的历史脉络。研究表明,计划经济时代国家重大投资奠定了中部六省城镇化的基础,但是这些基础难以适应市场经济体制与全球化力量的多元变化,因此改革开放后中部六省城镇化进程与东部发达地区的差距逐步显现并呈现出包括异地城镇化、城市经济内生动力匮乏、城镇体系发展失衡等一系列共性特征。研究结论可为区域性城镇化动力机制的深入研究提供现实依据,同时也可为中部城市的规划实践提供系统参考。

Though China is at the stage of rapid urbanization, there is an unbalanced development among regions, which endows great practical significance to the region-based researches on China＇s urbanization. By examining six central provinces in China, this paper tries to sort out the historical context of the urbanization process in the six central provinces through such dimensions as population growth, industrial structure evolution, and urban system. Studies show that major state investments during the planned economy era have laid foundation for the urbanization in these six provinces, but the foundation can hardly cope with the diverse changes of market economy and globalization. After the reform and opening-up, the urbanization in the six central provinces apparently lagged behind the eastern developed regions, with an increasingly widening gap. Nevertheless, they shared a series of common characteristics, including non- local urbanization, lack of endogenous dynamics in the urban economy, and unbalanced development of urban system. The research findings thereof can provide a realistic basis for the further studies on the dynamic mechanism of regional urbanization. Meanwhile, this paper aims to provide references for the planning practices in China＇s central cities.