应用单倍体精子细胞治疗男性不育的研究进展

Application of Haploid Spermatid in the Treatment of Male Infertility

通过显微注射术将单倍体精子细胞注射入卵细胞中,例如圆形精子细胞注射术(round spermatid injection,ROSI)或圆形精子细胞胞核注射术(round spermatid nucleus injection,ROSNI),可使部分非梗阻性无精子症患者也可能获得具有父方全部遗传信息的后代。单倍体精子细胞可通过精液、睾丸活检获得。目前,虽然已经出生了ROSI试管婴儿,但是仍然存在受精率低、妊娠率低的问题。其中,不能精确识别单倍体精子细胞是单倍体精子注射入卵母细胞后受精失败或受精率低下的主要原因之一。因此,需要深入研究这些问题以改善ROSI临床结局,更好地为人类生殖服务。综述各种识别圆形精子细胞方法的原理及优缺点。

Some patients with non-obstructive azoospermia can get their offspring with paternal genetic material by the micro-injection with haploid spermatid or spermatid nucleus into oocytes（round spermatid injection,ROSI or round spermatid nucleus injection,ROSNI）. The haploid spermatid can be obtained from semen or by testicular biopsy. Although some ART babies fertilized successfully by ROSI were reported,there are still many unresolved problems, such as low rate of fertilization and low rate of baby birth, at present. One of the main causes of fertilization failure, or low fertility rate, is that the haploid spermatid can＇t be accurately identified. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods to identify round spermatids, as well as mechanisms, were reviewed, so as to help ART laboratory to improve ROSI outcomes.