新疆主要旅游城市舒适度分析

Comfort Index of Major Tourist Cities in Xinjiang

选用新疆16个主要旅游城市1961—2012年的逐日平均气温和水汽压等资料,根据饱和水汽压与温度的关系计算出在不同温度下的相对湿度,以学者Terjung WH[1]提出的舒适度指数和四川省地方标准规定的9个等级划分方法为基础,根据新疆地区独特的的气候特点,对舒适度指数的区段进行重新划分,计算出各个地区的舒适度指数;其次,分析各个地区各年各月的舒适度变化规律,得出如下结果:(1)新疆主要城市的气候舒适度大小在25耀75之间,与新疆的气候条件比较吻合;(2)乌鲁木齐1—3月和11—12月比较寒冷,基于温湿指数旅游舒适度指数较低,夏季5—9月凉爽舒适,适宜旅游;(3)吐鲁番以南的城市,适宜旅游的时间多出现在春季的4—5月以及秋季的9—10月,舒适度指数高,有利于发展旅游业;1—2月和12月天气冷或偏冷、6—8月天气炎热,旅游舒适度指数相对较低。吐鲁番5—8月舒适天数虽然相对较少,但是以酷热火焰山著称,也易发展旅游业。(4)南疆地区适宜旅游的时间是4—10月,1—2月和12月天气寒冷又干燥,基于温度湿度的旅游舒适度指数较低。(5)16座城市的舒适度比较高的时间集中在4、5、9、10月;(6)新疆的舒适天数正在逐年增加,不舒适天数正在逐年减少;(7)将16个城市舒适度指数的月变化用饼状图标注在新疆地图上,为希望到新疆游玩的旅客提供了时间和地点的选择依据。

Using the observational data of mean daily air temperature and water vapor pressure （Pw） at main tourist cities in Xinjiang from 1961-2012,firstly based on the relation between saturation vapor pressure and temperature, the relative humidity at different temperature was calculated, then using W.H.Terjung’s comfort index and 9 class hierarchy method which is the local standard in Sichuan province, analyzing the special terrain characteristics and temperature distribution in Xinjiang, the comfort index sections are divided afresh and the comfort indexes of the 16 cities are calculated; in addition, the statistics of comfort change in each region is presented. The result show as follows. （1）The comfort index varies from 25 to 75 agreeing with the special climate in the main cities in Xinjiang. （2）Cold months in Urumqi are from January to march and November to December and the comfort index based on temperature and humidity is low; from May to September it is pleasant and comfortable so suitable for travel. （3）The suitable touring time is spring（from April to May）and autumn（from September and October）in the cities in Turpan and the south; from January to February and December, it is cold and from June to August, it is hot so the comfort index is low. Even the comfortable days are relatively fewer from May to August in Turpan, it is easy to develop tourist industry as the well-known torrid “Huoyan Mountains”.（4） The relatively comfortable time is from April to October but it’s rather cold and dry from January to February and December, the tourism comfort index based on the temperature and humidity is low. （5） The comfort index gets high in April, May, September and October, namely the spring and autumn period.（6）The comfortable days are increasing and the uncomfortable days are decreasing. （7）The monthly and annual variation of the comfort index is marked on the map to provide the basis of choosing suitable places and time for those people who want to travel to Xinjiang province.