基于胡佛地方化系数的中国市场一体化测度及趋势分析

Measurement of Integration of Product Market and Trend Analysis in China Based on Hoover Coefficient of Localization

国际经验表明,市场一体化是推动经济发展的重要动力。改革开放以来,中国产品市场一体化程度得到显著提高,但市场分割仍较为严重,成为制约我国经济持续健康发展的重要瓶颈。文章利用胡佛地方化系数测度我国产品市场一体化程度,量化分析其变化趋势。结果基本支持"中国产品市场一体化随改革深入而提高"的判断,但市场一体化推进速度远不及众多研究宣称的那样乐观。究其原因,尽管导致市场分割的技术因素(交通、通讯、信息网络)已大为减弱,但阻碍市场一体化的体制因素仍较为突出。最后,针对以上问题给出加快市场一体化进程的对策建议。

World historical development experience shows that market integration is an important driving force to promote economic development. Since reform and opening, although the integration of product market increased significantly, China＇s market segmentation is still serious, as an important constraint and bottleneck to sustainable economic development. In this paper, we measure the degree of integration of product market with Hoover Coefficient of Localization, analyze its trends quantitatively. The results basically support the judgment of ＂the integration degree of product market improving with China＇s economic reform＂, but its speed was not so optimistic as claimed by some studies. For the reason, although technical factors leading to market segmentation （transportation, communications, information network） has been greatly weakened, but the in- stitutional factors that hinder market integration is still more prominent. Finally, some suggestions to speed up the process of market integration are given.