《太平寰宇记》的价值和缺憾

The Value and Inadequacies of Taiping HuanyuJi( Universal Records of the Taiping Era)

北宋乐史《太平寰宇记》是古代最重要的地理总志之一。本文首先总结前人对此书的评价,包括清代著名乾嘉考据学家对该书的不同观点。认为前人对该书的优点评介不够全面细致,还有一些遗漏之处,并补充论述该书的价值有20点,如详细记载自然地理实体的测量数字、对生态的破坏、移民史料、战争史料、政区沿革、民俗风俗、中外交流史料、学术地理变化等。而且前人没有论述该书的缺憾,并总结该书的缺憾,如条目重出而内容不同、改动尚未调整、方向颠倒、地名错字、风俗有时不可信、地名传说太杂等。

Taiping Huanyu Ji(Universal Records of the Taiping Era) by Yue Shi of the North Song Dynasty is one of the most important general geographical records in ancient China.This article first summarizesthe comments and critiquesaboutthis book made by people ofthat time,includingdifferentviewsfromfamoustextual analysis scholars during the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty.Theauthorviewsthosecomments and critiques,to someextent,wereinsuffient andincomprehensive.Some omissions were alsodetected.The authorsupplemented 20 value-additions of the book,such as detailed recordings of measurements on natural geographical entities,ecological destruction,historical records on resettlements and wars,the evolution of administrative regions,folk culture,hisorical records on sino-foreignexchange communications,and academic and geographical changes.Furthermore,people in the past did not comment on the inadequacies of the book,which is covered by the author of this article.For example,there have been cases likedifferent contentsincludedunder the same entry heading,changes not reflected in the book,confused directions,mistakes in names of localities,sometimesinconvincing customs,and over-complicatedhearsays of names of localities.