生物酶不同构型载体改装进气系统对汽车VOCs排放的影响

The effects on automobile VOCs reduction converted with the different device configurations by Bio-enzyme surface treatment in air intake system

本研究报道基于生物酶的不同构型载体改装汽车进气系统对VOCs排放的影响。按照不同的比表面积,分别采用了普通PVC塑料管材内壁涂刷生物酶(P)、蜂窝状陶瓷管材内壁涂刷生物酶(C)、金属纤丝表面涂刷生物酶(M)3种构型改装汽车进气系统。通过汽车静态空载和路试实时采集排放尾气样本后,用GC-MS对汽车尾气中挥发性有机化合物VOCs进行分析。结果表明:从检测到的总烃体积积分数看,改装后的效果分别为M>C>P。其中以处理M结构的效果最佳,其排放的总烃体积积分数分别是P的7.70%、C的7.87%。从本研究的VOCs的成分看,经处理M结构改装汽车进气系统后,未检测到乙苯等11种芳香性VOCs的成分,以及2,2-甲基-丁烷等8种烷烃、环戊烯等2种环烯烃,和烯烃中2-甲基-1-丁烯、2-戊烯。结果表明,生物酶-金属纤丝构型载体改装的汽车进气系统,尾气中的苯系物排放物苯、甲苯和二甲苯平均分别比对照降低34.48%、29.41%和27.03%。

The effects of three configurations （treatment P,PVC pipe inner-wall coated with the bio-enzyme; treatment C,honeycomb ceramic pipe wall coated with the bio-enzymes ; treatment M,metal filaments coated with bio-enzyme） based on bio-enzyme carrier refitted in car air intake system were evaluated by emissions of VOCs.The non-refitted working condition was taken as the control.The components and amounts of VOCs were detected by GC-MS.The results showed that,VOCs reduction power was in the order of M 〉 C 〉 P according to the total volumetric fraction of VOCs.The VOCs emission of the treatment M was lowest both in components and amounts.The total volumetric fraction of VOCs for treatment M was only 7.70% of the treatment P and 7.78% of treatment C,respectively.Aromatic VOCs （2-methyl propyl-benzene,1,2,5-trimethylbenzene,1-methyl-3-propy 1-benzene,diethylbenzene,1-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-benzene and 2-ethyl-1,4-dimethyl-benzene）,alkane （2,2-methyl-butane,2-methyl-pentane,3-methyl-pentane,hexane,decane,4-ethyl-decane,5-methyl-decane and undecane） and olefins （2-methyl-1-butene,2-pentene,cyclopentene and methyl-cyclopentene）,as well as aromatic hydrocarbon （ethylbenzene,1-ethyl-2-methyl-benzene,1-ethyl-2-methyl-benzene and 1,2,4-mesitylene） were not detected under the working condition with treatment M.The exhaust BTEX emissions in the automobile with the device refitted bio-enzyme air intake system were greatly reduced.In contrast,the exhaust BTEX emissions of the control was 2.9 folds for benzene,3.4 folds for toluene and 3.7 folds for dimethylbenzene,over the means of the treatments in air intake system,respectively.