三峡试验坝——陆水水利枢纽科学试验回顾

Review on scientific experiment works of Lushui Hydropower Complex,a test dam for Three Gorges Project

新中国成立之初,为根治中华民族的心腹之患——水患,毛泽东主席提出"截断巫山云雨,高峡出平湖"——兴建三峡工程的设想。受当时经济技术条件限制,出于为兴建三峡工程积累经验、储备人才考虑,长江流域规划办公室(现称长江水利委员会)决定先建设"陆水试验大坝"。工程于1958年10月动工,1967年12月水库下闸蓄水,1969年12月第1台机组投入运行,1974年4台装机并网。先后进行了预制安装筑坝、砂基固结灌浆、干运式过坝建筑、励磁装置以及葛洲坝17万kW机组转轮叶片中间试验等200多项科技试验。工程建设完全达到了预期目的,为我国的水利水电事业发展作出了巨大贡献。

After the founding of P. R. China, Chairman Mao Zedong proposed an idea of ＂to hold back Wushan~ clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges＂ , namely to build Three Gorges Project （TGP）. But restricted by backward technology and poor economic condition at that time, the Yangtze Valley Planning Office （Changjiang Water Resources Commis- sion） decided to construct Lushui Experimental Hydropower Complex in advance, which could play a role of talent training and experience gaining for the construction of TGP. The Lushui Hydropower Complex construction started in October 1958, impoun- ded in December 1967, and the first unit was put into operation in December 1969, finally the project was completed in 1974, More than 200 technological experiments were carried out in the construction process, including dam construction by pre - cast concrete blocks, consolidation grouting for sandy foundation, ship dam -crossing with ship -lift, exciter, runner blades test for 170MW hydro- turbines of Gezhouba Hydropower Station, et al. The project construction achieved the expected goal, making significant contributions for the cause of water resources and hydropower development in China.