郑州市居民精神卫生知识知晓率调查

Awareness rate of mental health knowledge in residents in Zhengzhou City

目的:了解郑州市居民精神卫生知识知晓现状及相关因素,为精神卫生知识宣教提供科学依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取郑州市15岁及以上居民38101人,采用卫生部2010年《卫生部办公厅关于印发精神卫生工作指标调查评估方案的通知》中的精神卫生知识知晓问卷进行调查。结果:居民精神卫生知识回答正确率为52.4%;居民在精神疾病的病因预防、长期服药以及重大精神卫生纪念日方面回答正确率为26.5%;精神卫生知识得分城市居民较农村居民高[(11.2±3.3)vs.(9.8±3.0),P<0.01]。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄越大(β=0.01)、受教育程度越高(β=0.49)、家庭收入越高(β=0.16),以及居住在城市(β=1.18),职业为工人、行政管理人员及离退休人员(β=0.09)的居民精神卫生知识得分越高。结论:郑州市居民对精神卫生知识知晓率较低,对精神疾病及其病因认识不足,这种情况在农村、受教育程度低的人群中表现较为突出;精神卫生知识的宣传和教育需要加强。

Objective：To understand the status of mental health awareness and related factors in residents in Zhengzhou City.Methods：By using stratified cluster random sampling method,38,101 residents aged ≥ 15 years were selected in Zhengzhou City.They were investigated with the questionnaire about awareness of mental health which was from the notice about mental health indicators investigation and assessment program issued by the General Office of the Ministry of Health in 2010.Results：The total awareness rate was 52.4％.The correct answer rates were lower in questions related to primary prevention,long-term medication and major anniversaries of mental health 26.5％.The total scores of the awareness questionnaire was higher in urban sample than in rural sample [（11.2 ± 3.3） vs.（9.8 ± 3.0）,P ＜ 0.01）].Mult-variable linear return analysis showed that the residents who had older age （β =0.01）,higher education level （β =0.49）,higher family income （β =0.16）,lived in cities （β =1.18）,as worker （β =0.09）,administrator and retired employees had higher scores of awareness questionnaire.Conclusion：The results suggest that the awareness rate of mental health may be lower in residents in Zhengzhou,especially in those who live in country and have low educational level.The propaganda and education of mental health need to be strengthened.