2010年我国成人道路交通伤害行为危险因素流行特点

Study on behavioral risk factors of road traffic injury in Chinese adults,2010

目的了解我国不同成年人群道路交通伤害主要行为危险因素的流行特点。方法 2010年在我国162个监测点,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样,调查了98 658名18岁及以上居民,通过面对面问卷调查收集道路交通伤害相关行为危险因素信息。对样本进行复杂加权后,分析不同成年人群头盔佩戴、安全带佩戴、酒后驾驶、疲劳驾驶和无证驾驶情况。结果 2010年我国成人摩托车驾乘人员中,头盔经常佩戴率为20.03%(95%CI:16.98%～23.08%),不佩戴率为59.52%(95%CI:55.80%～63.25%),男性佩戴情况好于女性(P<0.001)。机动车驾驶员安全带经常佩戴率为36.74%(95%CI:33.04%～40.45%),不佩戴率为37.22%(95%CI:33.81%～40.62%),女性佩戴情况好于男性(P=0.028)。机动车驾驶员酒后驾驶率为10.89%(95%CI:9.65%～12.13%),45～54岁组驾驶员酒后驾驶率最高(P=0.010)。机动车驾驶员疲劳驾驶率为19.71%(95%CI:18.06%～21.37%),35～44岁年龄组驾驶员疲劳驾驶率最高(P=0.003)。机动车驾驶员无证驾驶率为24.68%(95%CI:22.13%～27.23%),65岁及以上年龄组驾驶员无证驾驶率最高(P<0.001)。结论中国成年人道路交通危险行为问题较为严重。

Objective To describe the prevalence and characteristics of major behavioral risk factors for RTIs a- mong adults in China. Methods A face to face questionnaire survey was carried out in 162 surveillance points to collect information on road traffic injury related risk factors. Mnlti-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to se- lect 98 658 individuals aged 18 and above. Sample was weighted to represent the population of Chinese adults. Indicators including helmets use, seat belts use, drinking driving, fatigue driving, unlicensed driving among different population were calculated. Results For the self reported status of hamlets using in Chinese motorcyclists and occupants among adults in 2010, often using rate was 20.03% （95% CI： 16.98%-23.08%）, not using rate was 59.52% （95% CI：55.80%- 63.25% ）, males were significantly better than females （ P 〈 O. 001 ）. For the self reported status of seat belts using in Chi- nese motor vehicle drivers among adults, often using rate was 36. 74% （95% CI：33. 04%-40.45% ）, not using rate was 37. 22% （95% CI：33.81% -40. 62% ）, females were significantly better than males （P = O. 028 ）. Self reported drinking driving rate was 10. 89% （95 % CI：9. 65 %-12. 13 % ）, 45-54 aged drivers had the highest rate （P = 0. 010）. Self reported fatigue driving rate was 19. 71% （95% CI： 18. 06%-21.37% ）, 35-44 aged drivers had the highest rate （P = 0. 003 ）. Self reported unlicensed driving rate was 24. 68% （95% CI：22. 13%-27. 23% ）, the drivers over 65 had the highest rate （P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusions High prevalence of road traffic injuries＇ risky behaviors is a serious problem in China.