基于社区卫生服务中心报告的浦东新区0～14岁儿童伤害情况分析

Analysis on status of injury among children based on community health centers reports in Pudong New Area, Shanghai City

目的分析2011年上海市浦东新区社区卫生服务中心报告的0～14岁儿童伤害情况,为制定相应的伤害预防措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性研究方法,以2011年上海市浦东新区社区卫生服务中心报告的0～14岁儿童伤害患者为研究对象,分析患者年龄、性别与伤害类型、原因、发生地点以及伤害发生时活动的关系。结果共报告1761例儿童伤害病例,平均年龄为(7.72±3.80)岁,男女童比为2.14∶1;儿童伤害患者前3位的伤害类型依次为挫伤/擦伤(44.12%)、锐器伤/咬伤/开放伤(31.23%)、扭伤/拉伤(13.34%);主要发生原因依次为跌倒/坠落(57.47%)、刀/锐器伤(19.82%)和钝器伤(10.96%);有44.24%的伤害发生在家中,34.41%的患者伤害部位是上肢,多在休闲活动时发生伤害(60.82%)。结论浦东新区儿童伤害主要是在家中休闲活动时受到的伤害(尤其挫伤或擦伤),发生原因主要是跌倒/坠落,因此,儿童伤害预防的优先领域是家庭内跌落预防。

Objective To analyze the status of injury and to provide references for developing measures of reduc- ing the incidence of injury in children from 0 to 14 years old based on community health centers reports in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. Methods The injured patients from the community health centers in 2011 were surveyed with the descriptive analysis. The characteristics of age, gender, injury types and causes of the injured patients were analyzed. Results The reported numbers of injured children was 1 761. Their average age was 7. 72 ＋ 3.80 years and the ratio of boy to girl was 2. 14 ： 1. The top three types of injuries were contusion （44. 12% ）, stab/bite/open wound （31.23%） and sprain/stain （ 13. 34% ）. The top three causes of injuries were fall （57.47%）, cut/stab （ 19. 82% ） and blunt injury （ 10. 96% ）. The main occurred places of injuries were homes （44. 24% ）. The high-risk sites were upper limb and 60. 82% of the injuries occurred＇in leisure activities. Conclusions The most frequent types of children injuries, especially contusion, were hap- pened at home in leisure activities. Fall is the main reason. So the intervention for fall-related injuries at home should be a top priority.