矿山灾害链及其断链减灾模式分析

Hazard chains and practice of disaster mitigation by chain scission in mining area

为了揭示矿山灾害系统的复杂性规律和运动本质,运用系统理论观点,从灾害链的角度对矿山灾害链定义、分类、特点及链式发育机理进行了研究。提出矿山灾害链组合断链减灾模型,即"初次断链+预防断链+灾后重建"组合断链模型,并在华恒公司矿井水害防治中得到运用,可以有效的解决矿井水害特别是矿井西部老空水问题。矿山灾害链式效应在矿山灾害中普遍存在,组合断链减灾模型为最佳减灾方案,而通过对断链程度和各断链过程对总断链的贡献率的计算实现断链最优化将成为今后研究的重点。

To reveal the complex characteristics and essence of mine disaster system, the paper elaborated the defi-nition, classification and characteristics of the mine disaster chain, studied the mine disaster development mecha-nism and proposed a disaster mitigation model by combined chain scission, that is the chain scission model com-bining the initial chain scission, preventive chain scission and post-disaster reconstruction. Employed in a colliery of Huaheng Company, the model can prevent and control goaf water in the western part of the colliery. The mine disaster chain effect is prevalent in mine disasters. The combined chain scission model for disaster mitigation will be the best scheme for disaster reduction. Moreover, the realization of chain scission optimization through calcu-lating the level of chain scission and the contribution rate of sub-chain scission process to the total chain scission will be the focus of future research.