突发性重大灾害事件对生活必需品价格的影响及对策

Influence of Sudden Major Disasters on the Price of Daily Necessities and its Countermeasures

以近年来我国发生的重大灾害事件如南方雨雪冰冻、"SARS"、松花江"双苯厂胺苯泄露事件"以及"甲流"等为背景,分析了水、板蓝根、大蒜、食盐等生活生存必需品价格波动的影响因素及其危害,论证了吉芬商品的存在,并运用了谷贱伤农、信息不对称、垄断等理论和蛛网模型等经典图形进行经济学分析。说明了在重大灾害发生时稳定生活必需品价格的重要性,并提出稳定其价格的应急管理对策,包括信息披露要及时准确,以及国家生活必需品储备体系的建立和完善等。

Major disasters in China in recent years, such as SARS, amine and benzene leakage of Jilin Chemical Company of Petro-China, H1 N1 influenza, are studied to analyze the influence factors and harm of price fluctuation of daily necessities as water, isatis root, garlic, salt and so on. Giffen goods are proved to be existed. Economic analysis is conducted by using theories as cheap grain harms the peasants, information asymmetry, monopoly etc. and classic graphics as cobweb model etc. Such an economic analysis shows that it is important to keep prices of daily necessities in major disasters stable. Emergency management measures on stable prices, including timely and accurate disclosure of information, establishment and perfection of national life necessities reserves etc. , are put forward.