杨树烂皮病生物防治的研究

STUDY ON BIOCONTROL FOR CYTOSPORA CANKER OF POPLAR

通过已筛选出的对杨烂皮病有明显拮抗作用的5种菌种:,Trichoderma sp.,Penicillinm sp., Aspergillus sp., Eurotium sp., Fusarium sp., 用PDA固体培养基和查彼(czapek)培养液培养,分别获得各菌种抱子和发酵液,对扬烂皮病树刮皮喷雾防治,进行林间筛选试验。室内测定结果表明:平扳对峙培养,Trichoderma sp.和Fusarium sp.的抑菌效果好于其它三种拮抗菌;孢子萌发试验,5种菌的培养过滤液均对病菌孢子萌发有较强的抑制作用;接种试验,先接拮抗效果最好,为33.3％—100％,混合接效果要次之,为0％—72.2％,后接效果最差,为5.6％—33.3％。林间筛选试验结果表明,孢悬液防治效果好于发酵液防治,其中Tyichodeyma sp.和Fusayium sp.的防治效果最好,而且在树干上存活时间较长。治愈率除Aspergillus sp.外,均达70％以上。

Spraying control wlth scraping for cytospora canker of poplar and selection trials in field have been carried by culturing five antagonistic fungi species selected before on solid medium (PDA) and Czapek' s solution and obtaining spores and fermentation solution of these species, Trichoderma sp. , penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp. , Eurotium so. and Fusarium sp. The results tested in lab. show that: The inhibition effects of Trickoderma sp. and Fusarium sp. are better than that of others by culture method of replica-plating; All culture filtrates of these species show obvious inhibition effects on the germination of pathsgenic spores; In the inoculation test, the effect of antagonists inoculated first is the best (33.3%-100%) , the mixed inoculation is second (0.0%-72.2%) and afterwards inoculated is the worst (5.6%-33.3%). The results of selection test in field show that : The control effects of spore suspension solution is better than that of fermentation solution, and the Trickoderma sp. and the Fusarium sp. are the best as well as surviving longer on the trunk among them. The cured rate is above 7.0% but for Aspergillus sp..