生态系统复杂性怎样导致稳定性

HOW CAN THE COMPLEXITY RESULT IN THE STABILITY IN ECOSYSTEM

生态系统物种多样性与生态系统的稳定性是不是正相关,多样性怎样导致稳定性。从生态系统抗拒外界环境因子振荡,保持能流物流稳定的功能角度来看,其多样性与稳定性的关系,可以用系统工程学关于技术设备系统复杂性与可靠性的关系原理加以说明。这时要进行结构分析,区分串连结构和并连结构。串连结构中,复杂性与可靠性呈负相关。并连结构中,复杂性导致冗余储备的增加,与可靠性呈正相关。生态系统物种的复杂性和多样性,大部分表现为构成并连结构,提高系统冗余度,因而能增强系统可靠工作的稳定性。从生态系统内部诸要素相互关系涨落的内激稳定性角度来看,则完善负反馈调节控制机制以及通过遗传反馈实现协同进化,能够把复杂性转变为稳定性。

The problems, Whether the species diversity in an ecosystem is in positive relation to the ecosystem stability and how does the species diversity cause the stability in ecosystem, have been discussed in this paper. From the point of view of that an ecosystem resists the vibration of environment factors and ensures its the functions of keeping stability of the energy and substance flows. The relationship between the diversity and stability in a ecosystem can be explained using the principles of the relationship between the complexity and reliability in a technical equipment system. To this end, it is necessary to perform the structure analysis and make a difference between the structures of series connection and parallel connection. In the series connection structure, the system complexity is in negative relation to the reliability but in positive relation in parallel connection structure due to the increase of redundant storing caused by the complexity. However, most of the complexity and diversity of a species in ecosystem are made of parallel connection structure, the ecosystem redundancy is raised, the stability of the ecosystem reliable work can be strengthened by increasing the redundancy of the system. From the point of view of that the relationship of the varied parts of ecosystem interior cause a fluctuation and result in a internal encourage stability of the ecosystem, the complexity can be changed into a stability in the ecosystem by improving the mechanism of regulation and control feedback, and realizing cooperation evolution through genetic feedback.