灌河口潮汐潮流不对称研究

A Study on Tidal Asymmetry in the Guanhe Estuary

基于灌河口2007年5月的潮位、潮流实测数据,对灌河口的潮汐和潮流不对称现象进行研究。首先对潮流、潮位实测数据进行调和分析,探讨灌河口M2分潮及其倍潮波的沿程分布特征,再通过潮位-流速关系图研究M4、M6及M8分潮对潮汐变形的影响,最后利用理论判断法则对灌河口潮汐不对称进行判别。结果表明,灌河口的潮波兼具驻波和行进波的特征,灌河口潮汐不对称主要受M4分潮的影响,呈涨潮主导型。河口口门内最大涨(落)潮流速出现在最低(高)潮位与中潮位之间时刻。M4分潮导致最大涨(落)潮流速增大(减小),最大涨(落)潮流速与最低(高)潮位之间的相位差增大。M6与M8分潮的作用不大。

Tidal asymmetry in the Guanhe estuary was studied basing on the measured tidal ele- vation and tidal current in May 2007. Firstly,the distributions of M2 and its overtides M4, M6 and M8 were discussed. Secondly,the stage-velocity diagrams were used to study the effects of M2, M4, M6 and M8 on tidal distortion. Finally, tidal asymmetry in the Guanhe estuary was ex- amined using a theoretical method. The results show that tidal motion in the Guanhe estuary has the characteristic of stand wave and progressive wave. Also, tidal asymmetry is flood-domi- nant and mainly affected by M4. Inside the main channel, maximum flood current and maximum ebb current appear near the mid-tidal elevation time. M4 increases （decreases） the maximum flood （ebb） current,and M6 and M8 play an insignificant role.