进入壁垒、策略性阻止与企业创新

Entry Barriers,Strategic Entry Deterrence and Enterprise Innovation

本文基于策略性阻止进入模型,分析进入壁垒如何影响在位企业用于进入阻止的创新行为。理论模型显示,高进入壁垒形成进入封锁,在位企业没有动力通过策略性创新投入对潜在进入者进行威慑;低进入壁垒形成进入容纳,在位企业进行威慑的创新投入成本过高;只有在临界值内中等高度的进入壁垒能促使在位企业增加创新投入威慑潜在进入者。因此,在位企业的策略性创新投入与进入壁垒高度之间呈非线性关系,过高或过低的进入壁垒都导致企业降低创新投入。利用中国制造业2005-2007年482个四位码细分行业的面板数据对上述结论进行实证分析的结果显示,进入壁垒与中国工业企业创新投入之间存在显著"倒U型"关系,基于样本、变量和模型的稳健性检验显示上述结果仍然成立。结论暗示,中等进入壁垒高度带来的潜在竞争压力有利于增加中国制造业企业的创新投入。

Based on strategic entry deterrence model, this paper analyzes how entry barriers influence the innovation pattern of incumbents. The theoretical model demonstrates that high barriers to entry deter entry and frustrate the incumbents in threatening potential entrants through strategic innovation investment; the low entry barriers constitute admission to entry and also deter the innovation investment for high cost; only medium barriers ranging between critical values promote the incumbents to threaten potential entrants through strategic innovation investment. Therefore the relationship between firm＇ s strategic innovation investment and entry barriers is nonlinear, which means that both high and low entry barriers decrease the innovation investment of an incumbent. An empirical analysis is performed using a panel data of 482 four - digit code manufacturing industries of China during the period of 2005 -2007,which reveals an inverted - U relationship between entry barriers and innovation investment in China＇ s manufacturing industry. Robustness tests based on sample, variables and model are also performed and the result remains robust. The result implies that the potential competitive pressure from medium entry barriers promote China＇ s manufacturing firms to invest on innovation.