聚丙烯腈基纳米炭纤维无纺布的制备与表征

Preparation and Characterization of PAN-Based Carbon Nanofibers Non-Woven

以聚丙烯腈(PAN)为先驱体,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂配置质量分数10%的PAN溶液进行静电纺丝,输出电压为18 kV,注射流量为3 mL/h,收丝距离为15 cm,得到纳米PAN纤维无纺布,纤维直径为200nm～280nm,所得纤维布柔软有韧性。随后,无纺布经过280℃氧化交联和850℃氮气气氛热解处理,得到质轻柔软的纳米炭纤维无纺布,直径为100nm～200 nm。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、电子探针显微分析(EPMA)、X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对纳米PAN和炭纤维布的形貌、成分和结构进行了表征。热重(TGA)分析结果表明,PAN基纳米炭纤维最终收率为51%。

Spinning solution was prepared using polyacrylonitrile （PAN） as solute and N, N-dimethylformamide （DMF） as solvent with concentration of 10 %. PAN nanofibers non-woven of which the diameter range is from 200 nm to 280 nm was prepared under conditions of 18 kV spinning voltage, 3.0 mL/h injection speed and 15 cm receiving distance. And PAN nanofibers non-woven was cured at 280℃ in air and pyrolyzed at 850℃ in nitrogen, the light and flexible carbon nanofibers non-woven was obtained with the diameter range from 100 nm to 200 nm. The morphologies, compositions and structures of PAN and C nanofibers were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） and XRD. The TGA results show that the yield of PAN based carbon nanofibers is 51%.