苏打盐渍土草原植被群落分布与土壤理化性质相互关系

Interrelationships between grassland plant community distribution and soil physical and chemical properties in soda-saline soil regions of Songnen Plain,Northeast China

对羊草、星星草、虎尾草和碱蓬4中植被类型及碱斑裸地下苏打盐渍土0～30 cm剖面的化学和物理性质进行了测定,分析了苏打盐渍土草原植被群落分布与土壤理化性质的相互关系。结果表明:按羊草、星星草、虎尾草、碱蓬和碱斑的排列顺序,苏打盐渍土理化性质不断恶化;0～10 cm剖面的土壤饱和浸提液电导率(EC e),碱化度(ESP)、pH和土壤容重是影响群落分布的决定性因素;植被群落分布情况可以定性反映土壤的盐渍化程度和物理性质;植被生长可以影响盐渍土的理化性质;植被生长改变了土壤剖面ECe和ESP的分布规律,在有植被群落分布的土壤上,ECe和ESP均随剖面深度的增加而升高,而在无植被生长的碱斑地,二者均随剖面深度的增加而降低;植物生长可在一定程度上改善土壤的结构系数和饱和导水率。

In this paper, the physical and chemical properties of 0-30 soil layer under Leymus chinensis, Puccinellia tenuiflora, Chloris virgata, Suaeda corniculata, and alkali patch in the soda-saline soil regions of Songnen Plain were measured, with the interrelationships between these properties and grassland plant community distribution analyzed. The results showed that the soil physical and chemical properties were deteriorating in the order of L. chinensis, P. tenuiflo- ra, C. virgata ; S. corniculata, and alkali patch. （ ECe ）, exchangeable sodium percentage （ ESP）, The electrical conductivity of saturated paste pH, and bulk density of 0-10 cm soil layer were the decisive factors affecting the grassland plant community distribution, while the distribu- tion of the grassland plant community could qualitatively reflect the degree of soil salinity and soil physical properties. The plant growth affected the soil chemical and physical properties. Plant growth altered the distribution patterns of soil ECo and ESP. In the soils with vegetations, ECe and ESP increased with soil depth; in the soils with alkali patch, both ECe and ESP decreased with soil depth. Plant growth could improve the soil structural stability and saturated hydraulic conductivity to some extent.