应用大型底栖动物完整性指数评价海拉尔河健康

Health assessment of Hailaer River in Northeast China based on the Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity on stream macrozoobenthos

根据海拉尔河26个采样点(11个参照点,15个受损点)的大型底栖动物数据和水化学指标,对21个生物参数进行分布范围、判别能力和Pearson相关性分析,最终确定了海拉尔河底栖动物完整性指数(B-IBI)指标体系由甲壳动物和软体动物分类单元数、耐污类群和BI指数构成。采用比值法统一各生物参数量纲,将各个生物参数分值加和得到B-IBI指数值。根据参照点B-IBI值的25%分位数值最终确定海拉尔河健康评价标准。结果表明:在26个采样点中,12个为健康,8个为亚健康,5个为一般,1个较差;总体来看,海拉尔河处于健康和亚健康状态;各支流中大雁河、库都尔河、特尼河和莫勒格尔河处于健康状态、免渡河为亚健康状态、伊敏河处于一般状态;海拉尔河干流上游处于健康状态,下游处于亚健康状态,干流中游处于一般和较差状态。B-IBI值与电导率(R2=0.52,P<0.01)、COD(R2=0.46,P<0.01)和铵氮(R2=0.42,P<0.01)显著相关。

From 2011 to 2012, the stream macrozoobenthos and water chemistry indices at 26 sampling sites （ 11 reference sites and 15 disturbed sites） of Hailaer River were investigated, and the index value distribution, judgment ability, and Pearson correlation of 21 candidate metrics were analyzed. Five candidate metrics, including total number of taxa, numbers of Crustacea ＋ Mollusca taxa, intolerant taxa percentage, tolerant taxa percentage, and Biotic Index, were se- lected to establish the Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity （B-IBI） system. The values of the metrics were calculated by ratio scoring method, and the B-IBI was obtained by combing all the five met- rics. The criteria to rank the stream health condition were based on the comparison of B-IBI val- ue, with 25% of the B-IBI value for the reference sites. The ecosystem health of Hailaer River was evaluated by using B-IBI on stream macrozoobenthos. Among the 26 sites of Hailaer River, 12 sites were in healthy condition, 8 sites were sub-healthy, 5 sites were fair, and 1 sites were poor. To sum up, the health condition of Hailaer River was in the state of health or sub-health. Tributaries Dayan River, Kuduer River, Teni River, and Molegeer River were in health status, Miandu River was in sub-health condition, and Yimin River was in poor health status. The regression relationships of the B-IBI with the water conductivity （R2 = 0.52, P〈0.01 ）, COD （R2 =0.46, P〈0.01 ）, and ammonium nitrogen （R2 =0.42, P〈0.01 ） were significant.