职业因素与煤矿工人高血压前期和高血压的关系研究

Study on correlation of occupational factors between prehypertension and hypertension in coal miners

目的了解煤矿工人高血压前期和高血压的流行现状,探讨职业因素对血压的影响,为制定合理的工作班制和预防煤矿工人高血压提供依据。方法以开滦集团某矿参加健康检查的1 566名井下工人为对象,进行问卷调查并测量血压。结果检出高血压前期患者583人,患病率为37.1%;高血压患者830人,患病率为52.8%。高血压前期患病率随年龄和工龄的延长而降低,高血压患病率随年龄和工龄的延长而升高;掘进工高血压患病率最高,其次为采煤工,井下辅助工最低;三班倒者高血压患病率高于两班倒;上午班者高于下午班;工作时间>8h者高于≤8h者。结论倒班方式是该矿井下工人高血压前期和高血压的职业危险因素;工龄和工种是该矿井下工人高血压的职业危险因素。

Objective To study the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension, to explore their correlation with occupational factors and to provide criteria for prevention and control of hypertension among coal miners. Methods 1566 underground miners of Qianjiaying mine of Kailuan Group were selected from April to May in 2011 by a cluster sampling. All the subjects were given questionnaire survey and physical examination. Results Among 1566 underground miners the prevalence of prehypertension was 37.1% and the prevalence of hypertension was 52.8 %. The prevalence of prehypertension decreased with the increase of age and length of service. The prevalence of hypertension raised with the increase of age and length of service. The hypertension prevalence of excavation workers was the highest, and that of underground auxiliary workers was the lowest. The prevalence of hypertension of three shifts workers was higher than that of two shifts workers. The prevalence of hypertension of morning shifts was higher than that of afternoon shifts. The prevalence of hypertension of working ≥ 8 hours was higher than that of working ≤ 8 hours. Conclusions Working shift pattern is the risk factors of both prehypertension and hypertension. Lengths of service and job category are also hazardous to hypertension.