也谈“重新建立个人所有制”的本意——兼与卫兴华老师商榷

On the True Intention of “Rebuilding Individual Ownership”——Discussion with Mr. Wei Xinghua

所有制是包括生产资料和生活资料的所有制,而不仅仅是指生产资料。个人的以自己劳动为基础的私有制、资本主义的私有制和社会主义所有制都是既包括生产资料又包括生活资料的所有制。《资本论》中所讲的"否定的否定"是这三种所有制的先后否定。"联合起来的个人"、"联合起来的社会的个人"不再是个人,而是联合体或社会。联合起来的、社会的个人的所有制就是社会所有制。马克思明确指出,未来社会的经济制度是生产资料的社会所有制和生活资料的个人所有制,并详细说明了重建生活资料个人所有制的手段和过程。恩格斯对马克思重新建立个人所有制的思想作出了准确的解读,马克思"重新建立个人所有制"的本意指的是重新建立生活资料的个人所有制。

Ownership covers means of production and means of subsistence, not just the former. Individual private ownership based on their own labor, capitalist private ownership, and the socialist ownership are all forms of ownership coveting both means of production and means of subsistence. The ＂negation of the negation in Marx＇s Capital referred to the sequential negation of these three forms of ownership. ＂United individuals＂ and ＂united social individuals＂ are no longer individual persons, but the commonwealth or society. The ownership of such united or united social individuals is social ownership. Marx made it clear that the economic system in future societies is the social ownership of the means of production and individual ownership of means of subsistence, and detailed the means and process for the reconstruction of the private ownership of the means of subsistence. Engels accurately interpreted Marx＇s idea of re-establishing individual ownership in saying that Marx＇s true intention in doing so is to re-establish the individual ownership of means of subsistence.