半咸水、海水对几种渔用抗菌药物体外活性的影响

Effects of brackish water and seawater on in vitro efficacy of antibacterial drugs used in aquaculture

研究了人工海水、天然半咸水以及生理盐水对６种我国常用抗菌药物（环丙沙星、四环素、土霉素、氯霉 素、磺胺以及呋喃唑酮）体外抗两种鱼类病原细菌（Ａｅｒｏｍｏｎａｓ ｈｙｄｒｏｐｈｉｌａ和Ｖｉｂｒｉｏ ｆｌｕｖｉａｌｉｓ）活性的影响。结果表明：海水对几乎所有受试药物的抗菌活性均呈抑制作用，其中对土霉素的影响最为显著；半咸水可使土霉素、 四环素及磺胺药的抗菌活性下降；生理盐水对不同药物或不同细菌的作用不一致；呋喃唑酮的抗菌活性不受 ３种水质的影响。此外，喹诺酮与二价阳离子的螯合产物可能并不稳定，当用无二价阳离子水稀释后药物可 被重新释放。

The effect of artificial seawater, brackish water and 0. 85% NaCl solution on in ho antibacterial efficacy of 6 most common antimicrobials in China, including Ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC), chloramphenicol (CP), sulfamethoxazole (SA) and furazolidone (NF), against two bacteria from fish, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio fluvialis were investigated. The results indicated that the in vitro activity of almost all of the drugs tested, particularly OTC, was significantly influenced by seawater. A similar negative effect was observed on OTC, TC and SA by brackish water; The effect on the antibacterial efficacy by physiological saline varied with drugs or bacteria. No change in efficacy of NF against the two pathogens was demonstrated with 3 different assay media in this study. In addition, the complex of quinolone and bivalent canon in seawater or brackish water was speculated not stable, quinolone can be released into media when diluted with water without bivalent cation.