滇中南中山南亚热带珍稀濒危植物组成及分布

Study on Composition and Distribution of Rare and Endangered Plants in the Sub-alpine Region of Central-southern Yunnan

涵盖 2 5个县市的滇中南中山南亚热带分布有珍稀濒危植物 41科 5 4属 6 3种 ,占云南省珍稀濒危植物 (15 1种 )和国家重点保护植物种数 (35 4种 )的 41 7%和 17 8%。从科属种的水平对该地区珍稀濒危植物的组成、成分特点进行了剖析 ,其成分具有 :(1)起源古老 ,孑遗植物多 ,单型科属比例大 ;(2 )热带科多 ,特有现象丰富 ;(3)对同类植物代表性强的特点。同时分析了本区珍稀濒危植物的区内分布特点和珍稀濒危种子植物属的分布区类型、亚型特点 ,本区 5 3属种子植物占我国种子植物属 15个分布区类型和 31个变型的 73 3%和 12 9%。其中 ,“热带亚洲 (印度 -马来西亚 )”分布型在本区珍稀濒危植物中所占比例最大 ,达 2 9 6 3% ,是本区最典型的分布型。从地质历史、地形条件和气候条件等因素对本区珍稀濒危植物的成分和分布特点进行分析 ,认为滇中南中山南亚热带珍稀濒危植物繁多、成分特点和分布特点明显 ,主要是因为特殊的自然环境条件造就了丰富多样的超地带性植被而形成的。

families,54 genera and 63 species of Rare and Endangered Plants (REP) distributed in sub-alpine region of Central-southern Yunnan.These species accounted for 41 7% of Yunnan'?s total REP (151 species) and 17 8% of China'?s total Emphasized Protection Species (354 species on “A List of Rare and Endangered Plants of China”) respectively. In the paper,composition and component characteristics of REP were analyzed on the level of family, genus and species.The components had the characteristics of 1) a large proportion of antiquated origin, Palaeo and monotype plants; 2) many tropical families and rich endemic phenomena;3) strong representative for congeneric plants.Meanwhile, the regional distribution characteristics of REP and the area-type and subtype characteristics of genera of Rare and Endangered Seed Plants (RESP) in the region was analyzed also.The area-types and subtypes of 53 RESP genera in the region account for 73 3% and 12 9% of national 15 area-types and 31 subtypes of Chinese seed plant genera respectively. Among them, Tropical Asia (Indo-Malesia)was the typical area-type in the region because of its highest proportion in all REP in the region, which reached 29 6% In the end,the paper has stated the factors of resulting in the component and distribution characteristics of the region from aspects of geological history, topographic and climatic conditions.It was considered that various species and obvious components and distribution characteristics of REP in the region was caused by abundant extrazonal vegetation trained by special nature conditions.