不同植物生物栅系统对富营养化景观水净化试验

Study on Different Plant Biological Grid Systems in Eutrophic Landscape Water

为研究不同植物的生物栅系统对富营养化景观水的净化效果,通过人工配水试验对比无植物与分别种有美人蕉、水葱、香蒲的生物栅系统,分析生物栅中不同组成部分对污染物的去除效果。结果表明,纤维填料上的生物膜对不同浓度的富营养化景观水体的CODCr、TN、TP、NH4+-N的去除率均高于3种植物,其去除率分别为31.43%～40%,45.88%～50.15%,14.32%～15.62%,55.03%～63.95%,因此纤维填料上附着的微生物是污染水体的净化主体。将3种植物生物栅系统对重度和中度富营养化景观水体的净化效果进行比较,结果表明美人蕉生物栅系统对中度富营养化景观水体的CODCr、TN、TP、NH4+-N去除率分别达到78.57%,78.62%,52.24%,86.48%,其中处理后CODCr、TN、NH4+-N的浓度均达到GB3838-2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅳ类水质标准,因此美人蕉生物栅系统更适用于富营养化景观水体的水质修复。

The purification effects by biological grid system of different plants in eutrophic landscape water were investigated.Compared with the no plant biological grid system and biological grid system with Canna indica,Schoenoplectus lacustris,Typha angustifolia,respectively,the contamination removal effects by different part of biological grid were analyzed.The results indicated that the biofilm attaching on fibre filling acted as the main role of purification of biological grid with approximately 31.43% ～40%,45.88% ～ 50.15%,14.32% ～15.62%,and 55.03% ～63.95% of CODCr,TN,TP,NH4+-N removed from the water.It showed that purification rates of biofilm were much higher than those of three kinds of plants.Comparing the purification effects by biological grid of three kinds of plants in landscape water,it implied that Canna indica biological grid system had the highest removal rate of CODCr,TN,TP and NH4+-N.The removal rate of Canna indica biological grid system for CODCr,TN,TP,NH4+-N was 78.57%,78.62%,52.24%and 86.48%.The effluent concentrations of CODCr,TN,NH4+-N attained the classⅣ of water quality standards(GB 3838-2002).Canna indica biological grid system was more suitable for the water quality repairation of eutrophic landscape water.