食用菌中Pb^(2+)和Cd^(2+)的含量测定及对其富集规律的研究

Study on edible fungi in the determination of the content of Pb^(2+) and Cd^(2+) and the enrichment regularity

调查了大连市市售的9种鲜食食用菌中Cd2+和Pb2+的含量,并对其重金属污染状况和健康风险进行了评价。研究了Pb2+和Cd2+含量与食用菌菌丝体中富集量的相关性。利用积累函数的反函数推导出了食用菌生长环境中Pb2+和Cd2+的最大安全限值。结果表明,大连市市售鲜食杏鲍菇、真姬菇和滑菇水分含量在91.0%以上;市售的食用菌中Pb2+检出率是100%,平均含量为0.2819mg/kg;Cd2+在食用菌中未检出。低浓度的Pb2+和Cd2+能够促进食用菌菌丝体的生长,高浓度的Pb2+和Cd2+对食用菌生长产生抑制作用;随着Pb2+和Cd2+含量升高,累积速率逐渐变小。

Abstract.The market survey about content of Pb2＋ and Cd2＋ in nine common edible mushrooms in Dalian was carried out,and the correlation of Pb2＋ and Cd2＋ content in the medium and the accumulation of mushroom mycelium was analyzed. Results showed that the moisture content of the fresh edible mushrooms Pleurotus eryngii,Hypsizygus marmoreus, Pholiota nameko in Dalian market were above 91.0%. Pb2＋ detection rate of the commercial fresh edible mushrooms was 100% ,the average content was 0.2819mg/kg, but less than 1.0mg/kg, Cd2＋ was not detected in the edible mushrooms. Liquid culture of the edible mushroom mycelium,low concentrations of Pb2＋ and Cd2＋ in the medium could promote the growth of edible fungi,high concentrations of Pb2＋ and Cd2＋ produce inhibition on edible fungi growth,and with the Pb2＋ and Cd2＋ content increased,the accumulation rate became smaller.