区域创新系统的管治框架演化——来自深圳和东莞的对比实证

EVOLVING GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK OF REGIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM:A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SHENZHEN AND DONGGUAN

本文在电子企业问卷调查的基础上,对比分析深圳和东莞的区域创新机制,并进一步从管治角度构建区域创新机制差异的理论框架,在中国转型的体制背景下阐释管治的演化逻辑。结果显示,改革开放初期自上而下的管治模式相对于自下而上的管治,在各自向网络化管治模式演化的过程中,由于先发制度优势和组织能力禀赋,更能顺利的推动工业基础薄弱地区向区域创新系统的转变。最后指出,演化视角分析必须注重时间和地理的特殊性。

Govemance constitutes elementary supportive infrastructure for regional innovation systems, as they are able to facilitate interaction and cooperation. It consists of institutions and organizations that shape the incentives for economic action, thus not limited to governments, but includes privately established and enforced govemance mechanisms explicitly. In this paper, we show how the formation of regional innova- tion system has unfolded under two distinct institutional designs and govemance modalities. The results find out that Shenzhen has developed interactive nature of innovation activities in its diversified and highly com- petitive business environment, while innovation activities in Dongguan are rigorously controlled by global lead firms through hierarchical production chains. On the basis of the empirical finding, a conceptual frame- work was constructed to explain the evolving logic of governance framework that is vital to regional innova- tion. The paper concludes that the dirigiste globalized production system outperforms the bottom-up global- ized production system owing to its first-mover institutional advantage and endowment in organizational competence, thus more smoothly driving the regions with weak industrial base to a regional innovation sys- tem with its simultaneous evolution to network governance. Finally, the future path for regional upgrading with divergent govemance is pointed out, especially for bottom-up governance, incentive frameworks should be put in place to avoid any negative lock-in effects associated with local vested interests.