中国制造企业总部迁移的目标区位选择——基于泉州鞋帽服装知名民企的案例研究

Target Location Choice of Chinese Manufacturing Firms Headquarters' Relocation: A Case Study of Famous Clothing Private Firms in Quanzhou

基于"企业—区位"动态再视角,分析了企业总部与区位的结构性匹配和关系性匹配对其迁移目标区位选择的影响。研究表明:为了实现结构性再匹配,企业总部更倾向迁往更具总部集聚优势和信息沟通优势的新区位;为了实现关系性再匹配,企业总部将会为了提高合法性而实施模仿迁移,从而使得企业总部迁移表现出显著的烟花效应。以泉州企业总部迁移为对象的案例研究发现,泉州知名民企总部职能的快速演化以及泉州总部集聚优势和信息沟通优势提升缓慢强化了企业与区位的结构性不匹配,驱动企业总部外迁;而厦门更为显著的总部集聚优势和信息沟通优势以及泉州民企总部在厦门合法性的可得性,促使泉州民企总部集体迁往厦门。

Based on ＂firm-region＂ re-matching perspective, this paper analyzed the influences of structural and relational matching between firm headquarters and regional on the headquarters relocating target location choice. This paper argued that in order to achieve structural re-matching, firm headquarters would intend relocate to the new region with higher headquarter agglomerating advantage and information communicating advantage; in order to achieve relational re-matching, firm headquarters would execute mimetic relocating to acquire legitimacy, which would result ih bandwagon effect. And then the case study with famous clothing private enterprises in Quanzhou approved these assumptions of this paper. Firstly, the fast evolution of Quanzhou famous firms headquarters and slow promotion of Quanzhou headquarter agglomerating advantage and information communicating advantage stressed the structural mis-match of ＂headquarter-region＂, which motivated the relocation of firm headquarter. Secondly, the higher headquarter agglomerating advantage and information communicating advantage in Xiamen and the legitimacy accessibility of Quanzhou firm headquarters in Xianmen encouraged the relocation of Quanzhou firm headquarter to Xiamen.