中国农业生产地区专业化的特征及变化趋势

China's Regional Division of Agriculture: Characteristics and Changing Trends of Agricultural Regional Specialization

运用1980—2010年的农产品播种面积面板数据,分别计算出29个省区各年的地区专业化系数和6种主要农产品的地区专业化系数,并从产业和地区角度对中国农业生产的地区专业化程度进行了特征和变动趋势分析。结果表明,从产业与地区两个路径测度的农业地区专业化系数呈现一致的快速上升变化趋势,这说明,中国农业生产的地区专业化水平,在总体上呈现显著的稳步提高态势。从产业层面上看,主要农产品生产的地区专业化程度呈现明显的增强态势,但不同农产品的增强态势存在明显差异。从地区层面上看,各省区农业生产的地区专业化程度呈现整体上的增强趋势,地区专业化分工进一步加强。

This paper calculates the regional specialization coefficient of China＇ s 29 provinces and six kinds of main agricultural products from 1980 to 2010 by using panel data of sown area, and analyzes the characteristics and changing trends of agricultural regional specialization degree from views of industry and region. This study＇ s results show that, the regional specialization coefficient of agriculture presents a trend of consistent rapid rising from the calculated result of industrial view and regional view, this indicates that the level of agricultural regional specialization presents a trend of significant and steady improvement on the whole. From the industrial view, within six kinds of agriculture products, except the vegetable, the degree of regional specialization of agricultural production of the other five products expresses a significantly increased trend but a noticeable distinction in this trend. From the regional view, the degree of regional specialization of agricultural production presents a enhancement trend on the whole in various provinces, division of regional specialization make further strengthen.