高温菜籽粕醇洗制取饲用浓缩蛋白工艺条件的研究

Preparation of feed protein concentrate from high-temperature rapeseed meal by ethanol extraction

研究以高温菜籽粕为原料,利用醇洗工艺制取优质饲用浓缩蛋白的最佳工艺条件。通过单因素及正交实验得到最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数70%,固液比1∶7,醇洗温度50℃,醇洗次数3次,醇洗时间50 min。醇洗菜籽浓缩蛋白的蛋白质含量由高温菜籽粕的40.21%提高至61.02%,硫苷含量由45.21μmol/g降至5.25μmol/g,植酸含量由2.48%降至0.55%,单宁含量由1.92%降至0.36%,蛋白质必需氨基酸含量由13.50%提高至19.32%,KOH蛋白质溶解度由39.09%提高至53.18%,粗纤维含量由10.12%降低至9.68%。利用高温菜籽粕制取的醇洗菜籽浓缩蛋白是蛋白质含量高、低抗营养因子残留及必需氨基酸含量高、蛋白质溶解度高且适口性好的优质饲用浓缩蛋白。

The optimal process of using high- temperature rapeseed meal as raw material to prepare feed protein concentrate by ethanol extraction was researched. The optimal preparation conditions were deter- mined by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment as follows： ethanol volume fraction 70% , solid - liquid ratio 1 ： 7, extraction temperature 50 ℃ , extraction times 3, extraetion time 50 rain. Compa- ring with high - temperature rapeseed meal, the protein content of ethanol extracted rapeseed protein on- centrate increased from 40. 21% to 61.02% , the glucosinolates content declined from 45.21 μmol/g to 5.25 μmol/g, the phytic acid content decreased from 2.48% to 0. 55% , the tannic content declined from 1.92% to 0.36% , the essential amino acid content in protein improved from 13.50% to 19. 32% , the protein solubility in potassium hydroxide increased from 39. 09% to 53. 18% and the crude fiber content declined from 10. 12% to 9. 68%. The high quality feed protein concentrate prepared by ethanol extraction from high - temperature rapeseed meal had characteristics of high protein content, low anti - nutrition factorresidue, high essential amino acid content, high protein solubility and good palatability.