溶血标本在ELISA二步法中对HBsAg测定结果的影响

目的探讨溶血标本对酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)二步法检测HBsAg结果的影响。方法将无偿献血的阴性标本、灰区标本、弱阳性标本和强阳性标本各20人为造成不同程度的溶血。对溶血前后初复检结果进行比较,分析溶血标本对ELISA实验二步法存在的影响。结果对于阴性标本,初复检在15 g/L以下溶血标本检测s/co值与溶血前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),20 g/L极重度溶血后标本s/co值与溶血前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);对于灰区和弱阳性标本,初检在15 g/L、复检在20 g/L以下溶血标本检测s/co值与溶血前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),初检在15 g/L以上、复检在20 g/L重度溶血后标本s/co值与溶血前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);对于强阳性标本,初复检在一系列溶血标本检测s/co值与溶血前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论轻中度溶血对HBsAg阴性、灰区、弱阳性、强阳性标本s/co值结果无明显干扰;重度和极重度溶血标本,除了强阳性结果,均需要重新取样再检测,对降低HBsAg假阳性率而减少血液资源浪费具有重要的意义。

Objective To investigate the effect of the hemolysis samples in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） on HBsAg two-step method . Methods Collect each 20 samples from negative samples,samples of grey area, weak and strong positive samples ,and have them dissolved in different level. Use two groups kits to compare the results of the samples before and after hemolysis, analysis the influence of hemolysis samples in ELISA with two-step method. Results Compared s/co-value with before the hemolysis ,for negative samples, there were no statistically significant differences under 15 g/L hemolysis samples（ P 〉 0.05 ） , and there were statistically significant differences at 20 g/L extremely severe he- molysis in the first and second test （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; for the grey area arid weakly positive samples, there were no statistically sig nificant differences under 15 g/L hemolysis samples in the first test and under 20 g/L hemolysis samples in the second test （ P 〉 0. 05 ） , there were statistically significant differences over 15 g/L hemolysis samples in the first test and at 20 g/L he molysis samples in the second test（ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; for the strong positive specimens ,there were statistically significant differ ences with a series of hemolysis samples in the first and second test（ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Compared s/co-value with before the hemolysis, mild-to-moderate hemolysis has no obvious effect on negative, grey area, weak positive, strong positive HBsAg samples;for severe and very severe hemolysis samples,in addition to the strong positive results,and the others need to test again,which has the vital significance to reduce HBsAg false positive rate and decrease blood wasted resources.