不同环境下海杂波特征仿真与试验研究

Simulation and Test Research of Sea Clutter Characteristics in Different Environments

海杂波是影响雷达目标检测的主要因素,而海洋大气环境又通过影响电磁波传播路径而改变海杂波特征。分析了不同海洋大气环境下海杂波特征差异的成因,综合海面反射率经验模型,建立了基于"对等距离"法的海杂波特征量计算方法,并对文献[9]试验中1998年4月2日观测的海杂波数据进行了仿真,经过4个方向对比表明,仿真值与实测平均值比较吻合。结合模拟的不同环境条件和雷达参数,对标准大气、蒸发波导及表面波导等环境下的海杂波特征进行了仿真,结果表明:相比于标准大气环境,波导环境下海杂波功率特征呈现增强的趋势,而且在表面波导环境下的第一跳跃盲区内还会呈现弱杂波或无杂波特征。

Sea clutter is the main factor affecting the radar target detection,but the marine atmospheric environment changes the sea clutter characteristics by influencing the electromagnetic wave propagation path.The cause of sea clutter characteristic difference is analyzed in the different atmospheric environments,and the empirical model is used to establish an algorithm of sea clutter characteristic quantity based on the ＂ opposite distance＂ method.The real sea clutter characteristics are simulated with the experiment data in Ref.[9].It is found from the comparison of the datum observed in four directions that the simulation value is agreement with the measured average value.Finally,the sea clutter characteristics in standard atmosphere,evaporation duct and surface duct environment are investigated by using the simulative environment conditions and radar parameters.And the results show that,compared with the standard atmosphere environment,the sea clutter characteristics show a trend of increase in the duct environment,and the first skip zone in the surface duct environment also presents weak clutter or no clutter.