中国古代天下观的意识形态建构及其制度实践

The Formation of Chinese Opinions on the World in Ancient China and Its Institutional Practice

本文认为中国古代的天下观是有限疆域的观念,经过历代儒者根据不同时代的需要不断建构,以"天下观"为一体,以"大一统"和"夷夏"观为之两面的意识形态被建构起来。在这种意识形态的指引下,祭祀制度、礼法制度以及施之于边疆的官僚制度被建立并完善起来,在观念上和实效支配上达到"天下归一"。这种诞生于中国相对封闭地理空间上的天下观念,不但促成了中国形成了一个疆域广阔的统一国家,而且使中华民族形成了一种内敛、保守的民族性格。

This article argues that the views on the world in ancient times in China were the views of limited territory.The Confucianists in different times took the views on the world as the center,Da YI Tong(大一统) and YI Xia(夷夏) as the two sides,forming the ideology on the world.Under the guide of those thoughts,laws and political systems were established.The views on the world in ancient China based on the comparatively closed geography,those views promoted the unification of China and formation of Chinese characters,restraining and conservative.